[3] A Considerable part of Australia's Iraqi-born population doesn't claim Iraqi ancestry with most being Assyrian.

The Gulf War and the quelling of uprisings of the Shi'a and the Kurds in Iraq resulted in a large increase in the number of Iraqis coming to Australia after 1991.

[4] The outbreak of the Gulf War in 1991 led a large number of people to flee Iraq into the neighbouring countries.

Some refugees lived in processing camps for up to five years before being accepted into Australia under the Special Humanitarian Program.

Although Islam is the dominant religion in Iraq, only 29% of the Iraq-born immigrants living in Victoria are Muslim; 68% are Christian and who are mostly Assyrian.