[1] The following verse of the Quran is often cited to encapsulate the Islamic idea of social welfare:[4] It is not righteousness that ye turn your faces towards East or West; but it is righteousness to believe in Allah and the Last Day, and the Angels, and the Book and the Messengers; to spend of your substance, out of love for Him, for your kin, for orphans, for the needy, for the wayfarer, for those who ask, and for the ransom of slaves; to be steadfast in prayer, and practice regular charity, to fulfill the contracts which we have made; and to be firm and patient, in pain (or suffering) and adversity, and throughout all periods of panic.
The state has the responsibility to preserve the human rights of its citizens while various non-government institutions in a civil society are to carry out public services and charitable works.
With regard to the rights of parents, the Quranic injunction is to behave well with them , to take care of them especially in their old age, not to be rude to them, and to show highest respect to them.
[11] Hadith literature provides plenty of instances where Muhammad has commanded his companions to be good and kind to their parents and to serve them in the best possible manner.
"[18] One typical hadith on neighbors reads as follows: Narrated Abu Shuraih: The Prophet said, "By Allah, he does not believe!
[20][21][22] Parents are also responsible for teaching their children basic Islamic beliefs, religious duties and good moral qualities like proper mannerism, honesty, truthfulness, modesty, and generosity.
As taught in the Qur'an (At-Taubah 9:29), Jews and Christians who are called "people of the book" are to be fought until they pay Jizya and "feel themselves subdued" where Islam has the upper hand.
[36] In Islam, zakat is a form of compulsory alms-giving, and a religious obligation for those Muslims who are financially affluent.
[37] They are required to pay one-fortieth (2.5%) of their total income or money each year to those Muslims who are poor and helpless.
[40] Sadaqah means voluntary charity which is given out of compassion, love, friendship (fraternity), religious duty, or generosity.
[43] Islamic tradition holds that moral qualities and good actions elevate the status of a man.
[44] The Quran and the hadith serve as the primary source of moral and ethical guidance in Islamic theology.
Both the Quran and the hadith often speak in emphatic manners to instruct the Muslims to adopt a morally good character.
In particular, respecting parents and elders, having love for the younger, greeting people in correct manner, showing kindness to fellow people, caring for the sick, asking permission before entering into others' house, speaking the truth, and avoiding rude and false speech have been emphasized.
[46] To the Muslims, the examples of moral virtues set by Muhammad and his companions serve as guidance both practically and theologically.
It declares its purpose to be "general guidance for Member States of the OIC in the field of human rights".
The Declaration starts by saying "All men are equal in terms of basic human dignity" (but not equal "human rights") and it forbids "discrimination on the basis of race, colour, language, belief, gender, religion, political affiliation, social status or other considerations".