Isogrid

Isogrid is a type of partially hollowed-out structure formed usually from a single metal plate with integral triangular stiffening stringers.

[citation needed] A similar variant is the orthogrid (sometimes called a waffle grid), which uses rectangular rather than triangular openings.

[6] [7] Since the equilateral triangle pattern has isotropic strength characteristics (no preferential direction), it was named isogrid.

[8] A major push has been made toward additive manufacturing techniques due to a decrease in overall material and production costs and high efficiency and accuracy while providing control over parameters like porosity.

[11] Isogrid panels form self-stiffened structures where low weight, stiffness, strength and damage tolerance are important, such as in aircraft or space vehicles.

Isogrid on the interior of the adapter connecting the Orion spacecraft to the Delta IV rocket for Exploration Flight Test 1
Top view of isogrid panel
Cross-section of isogrid flange stiffener [ 4 ]
Isogrids on the CST-100 pressure vessel