Italy competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England.

It was the third appearance of the European nation, which had not competed at the 1904 Summer Olympics.

[1] Italy's best athletics result was Emilio Lunghi's silver medal in the 800 metres.

Morisetti's second-place finish in the fourth semifinal of the sprint was the best performance by an Italian cyclist.

Italy's lone wrestler in 1908 was undefeated in his four bouts, winning each match to win the gold medal in the Greco-Roman lightweight class.