Two different types of polysaccharides are known to be the structural components, both a heteroglycan from the fungus and a glucan from the alga.

[1] U. esculenta lichens have a thallus attached to the substrate with a central holdfast.

[2] The thallus is also heteromerous (parts that are different in quality and number) and fully corticated (has a cortex and bark).

Many of the Umbilicaria species are characterized by a veined or rugose thalline surface.

[3] U. esculenta is considered a delicacy in China, Korea, and Japan where it is eaten in dishes, soups, or in salads.