Józef Gromek graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy at the Catholic University of Lublin.
From 1954 to 1970, he played in the Polish Chess Championship's finals seven times, winning the tournament in 1955 in Wrocław.
In 1959, in Łódź, Józef Gromek was able to repeat this success but lost an additional match for first place to Stefan Witkowski - 0:4.
In 1962/63, Józef Gromek won the New Year tournament in Lublin, ahead of Polish masters Kazimierz Plater and Bogdan Śliwa.
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