In 1836, he completed his instruction in drawing and engraving in New York City under the distinguished William Redfield.
In 1844 he settled in New York City, where his first employment was on Harper Brothers' Illustrated Shakespeare.
It was not long before he had his own business, a wood-engraving and printing establishment at 75 and 77 Nassau Street, New York.
An advertisement of around 1857 states that he specialized in "illustrated catalogues and ornamental show cards", and manufactured "illuminated envelopes".
[3] His work includes rare illustrations of street life in New York City.