It is located mainly in the Jablunkov Furrow lowland, but the municipal territory also extends to the Silesian Beskids on the east.

According to historians, the predecessor of Jablunkov is to be found in the place where the present-day village of Hrádek or Nýdek is located.

[4] Politically it belonged to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia which was since 1526 a part of the Habsburg monarchy.

Important trading routes to Kraków (north) and to Upper Hungary (east) also run through the town.

According to the censuses conducted in 1880–1910 the population of the municipality grew from 2,988 in 1880 to 3,459 in 1910 with the majority being native Polish-speakers (dropping from 89.4% in 1880 to 84.4% in 1910) accompanied by German-speaking minority (growing from 9.2% in 1880 to 14.1% in 1910) and Czech-speaking people (at most 57 or 1.5% in 1910).

In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (88.5%), followed by Protestants (9.2%), Jews (90 or 2.3%) and 2 people adhering to another faiths.

Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Trans-Olza region it was annexed by Poland, administratively adjoined to Cieszyn County of Silesian Voivodeship.

[11] The I/68 road (part of the European route E75), which connects the D48 motorway with the Czech-Slovak border in Mosty u Jablunkova, runs through Jablunkov.

It organized every year since 1947 by the Polish Cultural and Educational Union and is the second oldest folklore festival in the Czech Republic.

[12] The most important landmarks are the historic town square with a fountain and statue of the Virgin Mary from 1655, the Roman Catholic church built in 1620 and rebuilt in the neo-Gothic style, and the Elizabethan Monastery from 1928–1932.

After its completion in 1938 it contained about a thousand species, varieties and forms of woody plants, of which 400 taxa of conifers.