Jacksonville is a city in Jackson County, Oregon, United States, approximately 5 miles (8 km) west of Medford.

It was named for Jackson Creek, which flows through the community and was the site of one of the first placer gold claims in the area.

Jacksonville was home to the first Chinatown in Oregon, founded by immigrants from San Francisco.

As the gold deposits were worked out in the 1860s and the railway bypassed Jacksonville in 1884, the city's economy slowed.

This had the unintended benefit of preserving a number of structures, which led to Jacksonville's being designated a National Historic District in 1966, covering over 100 buildings.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.89 square miles (4.90 km2), all land.

[3] The largest ancestry groups in Jacksonville, Oregon, include: German (19%), English (18%), Irish (11%), Scottish (4%) and Italian (4%).

[13] Inherit The Wind (1988) a made-for television movie, starring Jason Robards and Kirk Douglas was filmed in Jacksonville.

Though it is fiction, the location itself, a small gold mining town, is extremely important to the theme and plot.

The 2018 AnnaPura film The Sisters Brothers starring Joaquin Phoenix, Jake Gyllenhaal and John C. Reilly.

The popular concert series draws national pop, country, alternative and contemporary music acts.

The Southern Oregon Historical Society (SOHS) was formed in 1946 to save the endangered 1880s Jackson County Courthouse.

[15][17] The society now operates Hanley Farm in Central Point and a research library in Medford.