The district is located on the Odisha coastal plain, with the southern part lying in the Mahanadi River Delta.

Some of the major rivers in the district are the Brahmani and Baitarani on the eastern edge.

According to the 2011 census, Jajpur district has a population of 1,827,192,[1] roughly equal to the nation of Kosovo[5] or the US state of Nebraska.

[1] The district has a population density of 630 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,600/sq mi).

The following are the 7 Vidhan sabha constituencies[12][13] of Jajpur district along with the incumbent elected members.