Jakob Gadolin (24 October 1719 – 26 September 1802) was a Swedish Lutheran bishop, professor of physics and theology, politician and statesman.

In 1788, he succeeded Jakob Haartman as the Bishop of the Archdiocese of Turku which was then a diocese of the Church of Sweden.

[1] He served as a representative of the clergy in the Diocese of Turku in the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates 1755–56, 1760–62 and 1771–72.

In 1751, Gadolin was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

He was a member of Pro Fide et Christianismo, a Christian education society.