Like Aurangabad's predecessor Khirki, prior to the Mughal conquests Jalna had been ruled by the Nizam Shahs of Ahmadnagar, during whose reign their governor Jamshid Khan built a mosque Kali Masjid, travellers' sara’i, and reservoir in around 1557.

[citation needed] Jalna is also one of the largest producer of sweet lemons and seeds in Maharashtra.

[citation needed] Jalna is primarily connected with the rest of India by railway and road.

Jalna is going to be an important station in the middle of the bullet train project proposed between Mumbai and Nagpur.

[10] Jalna is a station located on the Secunderabad–Manmad line of the newly created Nanded Division of South Central Railway.

The proposed Jalna-Nanded Expressway is also an important corridor that connects the rest of the Marathwada cities like Parbhani and Nanded to the Samruddhi Mahamarg.

Recently, a new dry port project has been set up in the MIDC Phase 3 area near the city.