It is surrounded by Nepal to the east, Bihar on the south-western side, Bhutan to the north and Bangladesh to the south.

There is a significant Christian and Buddhist population in the division.

The Dooars regions also has a significant tribal population.

[7] Bengali is the predominant language of the region, spoken by 72.2% of the population, followed by Nepali, Rajbanshi, Sadri, Kurukh, and Hindi.

Bengali speakers form the majority in the districts of Jalpaiguri, Cooch Behar, and Alipurduar, While Nepali speakers are significant in Darjeeling, but don't form a majority, and in Kalimpong, forms the largest group.