In 1997, he was also awarded a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in experimental psychology (developmental specialization) from University of Memphis.

His scholarship attempts to look beyond a deficit view of child development to a holistic account of the historical, cultural, economic, and social factors that influence developmental outcomes.

A second branch of his research centers on children's development of empathy and prosocial behavior with peer groups and friends across childhood.

An additional focus of his work establishes developmental science in the context of community-engaged research partnerships.

In 2009 and 2010, he co-authored two additional books: the textbook Developmental Science: An Introductory Approach (Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company) and the edited text Children of Incarcerated Parents: Theoretical, Developmental, and Clinical Issues (Springer Publishing Company).