James Anderson (died 13 May 1917) was a British trade union leader.
Anderson worked in London as a docker, and he became active in the Amalgamated Stevedores' Labour Protection League.
[2] He became prominent in local politics, winning election to the Poplar Board of Guardians, also becoming a founding member of the Port of London Authority, and serving on the London Board of Arbitration.
[1] Anderson was involved in the creation of the National Transport Workers' Federation, in 1910, and became its first general secretary.
However, its London members rejected a deal it made in 1911, and when in 1912 it attempted to call a national docks strike, it was a failure, and Anderson chose to stand down.