James Couper Brash, MC, FRCSE, FRSE (24 October 1886 in Cathcart – 19 January 1958 in Edinburgh) was a leading anatomist and embryologist in Britain.

[1][2] After holding the post of resident physician at the Royal Infirmary and working as a demonstrator of anatomy at Edinburgh, he became an assistant in the anatomical department in the University of Leeds.

During the First World War he served as a Major in the Royal Army Medical Corps in France and Belgium and was awarded the Military Cross for his bravery.

His own research was concerned mainly with embryology and the development of the jaws and teeth, on which he wrote several monographs for the Dental Board of the United Kingdom.

in 1922 he was vice-president of the Section of Anatomy at the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, of which he was elected a Fellow in 1932, he was Struthers lecturer from the University of Leeds he received the honorary D.Sc.