James Donald Anderson, Jr. (August 16, 1930 – November 20, 1976) was an American herpetologist with the American Museum of Natural History and professor of zoology at Rutgers University who did extensive fieldwork studying Ambystoma and other salamander species in Mexico.
He was born in Newark, New Jersey, on August 16, 1930, and grew up in the nearby town of Belleville.
He attended the Rutgers University–Newark College of Arts and Sciences and earned a B.A.
From 1954 to 1960 he was a graduate student at UC Berkeley, working under Robert C. Stebbins.
Anderson returned to Rutgers University–Newark as a faculty member in 1960, and died from injuries sustained in a car accident on November 20, 1976.