James Eberwine

Through the early 1990s, Eberwine focused on molecular techniques that amplify RNA to verify that electrical activity in a single neuron simultaneously changes the abundance of multiple RNAs inside it.

[3] This interest led him to develop the single-cell PCR, the aRNA amplification protocol, and coined the phrase "expression profile" to describe the relative abundances of RNAs.

[4] In 2001, Eberwine and postdoctoral student Christy Jobs published "Identification of sites for exponential translation in living dendrites," which proved there was a pattern to protein manufacture in the hippocampus.

[6] Following this discovery, Eberwine co-developed a technique to identify specific Messenger RNA (mRNA) associated with a particular binding protein connected with Fragile X syndrome.

[18] In 2019, he received his second NIH Director's Pioneer Award to fund his research into RNA structure within single cells in cortex and hippocampus tissue in the brains of mice and humans.