James Hamilton Goss (August 9, 1820 – October 31, 1886) was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina during the Reconstruction era.

He served with the South Carolina Militia during the Civil War.

Upon the readmission of the State of South Carolina to representation, he was elected as a Republican to the 40th Congress and served from July 18, 1868, to March 3, 1869.

He served as member of the board of commissioners of Union County from 1871 to 1874.

He was appointed postmaster of Union August 12, 1875, and served until September 23, 1884.