James Hamilton Couper (March 5, 1794 – July 3, 1866) was an American planter and slaver who at his peak controlled more than 1,500 slaves.

[1] Couper was a man of varied culture, and Christ Church in Savannah, Georgia, planned by him, is a monument of his taste and skill in architecture.

Once, when the office of sheriff in his county had become difficult and dangerous, in consequence of the effort made to defeat the collection of debts, he accepted and executed it.

Again, as a delegate to the Convention called in Georgia during the excitement on the question of Nullification, he helped to defeat the plan of disunion.

He married, shortly after his return from Europe, Miss Wylly, a lady of his neighborhood, who with two daughters and three sons survived him.