James R. Durham (February 7, 1833 – August 6, 1904) was a Union Army officer during the American Civil War.

He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Second Battle of Winchester, Virginia on June 14, 1863.

"The President of the United States of America, in the name of Congress, takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Second Lieutenant James R. Durham, United States Army, for extraordinary heroism on 14 June 1863, while serving with Company E, 12th West Virginia Infantry, in action at Winchester, Virginia.

Second Lieutenant Durham led his command over the stone wall, where he was wounded."

This article about a person of the American Civil War is a stub.