James Taylor Middleton (November 28, 1840 – 1926) was an Ontario businessman and political figure.

He represented Hamilton East in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1894 to 1898 as a Liberal member.

Taylor was mayor of Clifton (later Niagara Falls) and also served as warden for Welland County.

He later became partner and then sole owner of a wholesale business involved in the sale of marble and granite for construction.

Middleton served on the council for Grimsby Township and was also active in temperance organizations.