James Wheeler Fleming (February 15, 1867, in Troy, Rensselaer County, New York – April 27, 1928, in Troy, Rensselaer County, New York) was an American businessman, banker and politician.
He was the son of James Fleming, a political lieutenant of Senator Edward Murphy Jr.
He attended Troy Academy, and graduated from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
On June 15, 1911, he was appointed New York State Forest, Fish and Game Commissioner to replace Thomas Mott Osborne who had resigned.
He was New York State Comptroller from 1923 to 1924, elected in 1922, but defeated for re-election in 1924 by Vincent B. Murphy.