Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (Urdu: جمیعت علماءِ اسلام, abbreviated as JUI, translated as Assembly of Islamic Clergy)[3] is a Deobandi Sunni Muslim organization that was founded on 26 October 1945 by Shabbir Ahmad Usmani as a pro-Pakistan offshoot of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind (JUH).

[4][2][5] It has run candidates for office in Pakistani provincial and national elections, and splintered into several groups in 1980, 2007, and 2020.

In March 2019, after the decline of a competing faction JUI-S, the Election Commission of Pakistan reportedly allowed Moulana Fazal-ur-Rehman to have his JUI-F party use the old name of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam with no added letter F.[6][7] Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (jui-F) is a Deobandi organization, part of the Deobandi movement.

[8] The JUI formed when members broke from the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind in 1945 after that organization against the Muslim League's lobby for a separate Pakistan the Splinter member's formed the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam as a breakaway faction of Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind and backed the Muslim League's idea of separate muslim nation, The Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam pledge allegiance to Muhammad Ali Jinnah and announce openly support to Pakistan movement under the leadership of Shabbir Ahmad Usmani, Who was the Deobandi Islamic scholar he was the one of the founding members of Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi and a former member of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind In 1944, he became a member of the Muslim League who supported the creation of Pakistan.

[2][9] After the death of Mufti Mahmud, the group was further divided during Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq regime, namely Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S) supporting Jihadism and a totalitarian state whereas Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) supporting the movement for restoration of democracy in Pakistan.