Jan Svatopluk Presl (4 September 1791 – 6 April 1849) was a Czech natural scientist.

He was the brother of botanist Carl Borivoj Presl (1794–1852).

The Czech Botanical Society commemorated the two brothers by naming its principal publication Preslia (founded in 1914).

He was the co-author of an important Czech taxonomic work, O Přirozenosti Rostlin.

The brothers co-edited the exsiccata series Vegetabilia cryptogamica Boëmiae collecta a Joanne et Carolo Presl.