The Japan Championships in Athletics (日本陸上競技選手権大会, Nihon Rikujō Kyōgi Sensyuken Taikai) is an annual outdoor track and field competition, organized by Japan Association of Athletics Federations.

In 1913, it was first held in Tokyo as Zenkoku Rikujō Taikai (全国陸上大会) by the Japan Amateur Sports Association.

[1] In 1925, the Japan Amateur Athletic Federation (JAAF) was organized.

As of 2016, the following events are separate competitions for date and venue from the outdoor championships.

As of 2020, registered athletes of Japan Association of Athletics Federations (including foreigners who are born and raised in Japan) who have Japanese nationality must fall in either of these conditions.