It is a division of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT).

The agency formed on October 1, 2008 as a merger between the Japan Marine Accident Inquiry Agency (JMAIA) and the Aircraft and Railway Accidents Investigation Commission (ARAIC).

[3] The headquarters was previously in the 2nd Building of the Central Common Government Office [ja] in Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda, Tokyo.

The sphere represents the desire to carry out investigations of accidents and to maintain independence and fairness.

[6] Other than that,responsible for investigating other non-United States Forces Japan accidents.