Japanese midget submarines were involved in many actions during the Pacific war including the attacks on Pearl Harbor and Sydney Harbour.
The I-58 sank the heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis shortly after it delivered parts for the atomic bomb Little Boy to the island of Tinian.
After 1942, submarines became the only remaining supply link between Nazi Germany and Japan, and trade was focused on strategic materials, technical plans and blueprints.
[citation needed] Before I-29 embarked on her voyage to German-occupied France in December 1943, she had previously rendezvoused with the German submarine U-180 during an earlier mission to the Indian Ocean.
During this meeting on 28 April 1943, Indian nationalist Subhas Chandra Bose was transferred to I-29 to become the only civilian exchanged between two submarines of two different navies in World War II.