In the Middle Pleistocene, it may have migrated to Java from South Asia across a land bridge that bypassed Sumatra and Borneo.

[1] It inhabits elevations from sea level to 2,540 m (8,330 ft) ranging from dense tropical rainforest to dry deciduous forests.

[5] In the 1990s, it survived in the seral stages of successional vegetation patterns, which made it less susceptible to humans' disruptive activities than many other mammals.

[3] From 2001 to 2004, monitoring research was conducted in a 20 km2 (7.7 sq mi) area of Gunung Halimun National Park using camera traps and radio tracking.

[6] The Javan leopard is threatened by loss of habitat, prey base depletion, and poaching due to human population growth and agricultural expansion.

As of 2007, the Taman Safari Zoo in Bogor, Indonesia, kept 17 Javan leopards, seven males and 10 females, of which four were breeding pairs.

[9] Javan leopards are also kept at the Cikananga Wildlife Rescue Center[10] in a special enclosure until they can be released back into the wild.

In recent years, he has become a strong adult male, ready to return to his natural habitat to live freely in the wild.