Jeanne Peiffer (born 20 August 1948 in Mersch) is a Luxembourgish historian of mathematics.
Peiffer studied at the University of Luxembourg where she was a professor after being a student of René Taton.
She was co-editor (with Pierre Costabel [fr]) of the correspondence of Johann Bernoulli (Birkhäuser 1988, 1992) and published a French translation of the geometry of Albrecht Dürer.
With Amy Dahan, she wrote a popular French-language history of mathematics that was translated into English and German.
She deals with scientific journals in the 17th and 18th centuries, also from a scientific sociological point of view and with the aspect of the history of the specialization of mathematics journals, with perspective in the Renaissance in connection with geometry and optics, and the letter as a communication tool of mathematics in the 18th century.