In 1923, the fascist government of Benito Mussolini ordered generals Rodolfo Graziani and Pietro Badoglio to occupy the Jebel Akhdar area, building fortifications guarded by Savaris.

During this campaign, 100,000 Bedouins, half of the population of the entire region of Cyrenaica, were deported to various barbed-wire concentration camps, most of them in Benghazi.

[3] Due to this, Italian Generals and Omar Mukhtar tried to negotiate the course of the war, but none of the sides agreed and because of that, Italy began to plan the full conquest of Libya.

[4] In a carefully prepared and coordinated operation with ten differently composed columns, Graziani tried from 16 June 1930, to encircle and destroy the units of Omar Mukhtar.

[5]: 71  On 9 September 1931, Graziani started another offensive this time towards Slonta and Cyrene and this one was a success: the leader of the rebellion, Omar al-Mukhtar, was wounded and then captured in battle, ending definitely the War in Jebel Akhdar.