Campbell Hill, the highest point in Ohio, is located inside the Bellefontaine city limits in western Jefferson Township.

On the other hand, the Marmon Valley, which extends through the southern part of the township, is a small pass through the Bellefontaine and Bristlecone Ridges.

It was one of the earliest parts of Logan County to be settled: its first settler was Isaac Zane, who arrived in 1800 and built the first house in what is now Zanesfield in 1811,[7] and the Marmons who arrived in the township in 1805 were the first white families to live in the county.

[8] Because a significant percentage of the early settlers were Quakers, the township was once home to a large number of African Americans.

[8] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.