Jeremiah Nelson (September 14, 1769 – October 2, 1838) was a Representative from Massachusetts.

He engaged in the mercantile business in Newburyport, Massachusetts.

[1] He was a member of the general court of Massachusetts in 1803 and 1804, was elected as a Federalist to the Ninth Congress (March 4, 1805 – March 3, 1807); he was not a candidate for renomination in 1806 to the Tenth Congress.

During the (Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses) he was chairman of the Committee on Expenditures on Public Buildings.

Nelson died in Newburyport, Massachusetts, October 2, 1838, and was interred in Oak Hill Cemetery.