Located in the far eastern part of the county along the shores of Lake Erie, it borders the following townships and city: No municipalities are located in Jerusalem Township, although the unincorporated communities of Bono, Curtice, and Yondota lie in the township's southwest, southwest, and south.

West Sister Island, in Lake Erie about 9 miles offshore to the northeast, is also included in the township.

The fake town of Goblu was inserted into the 1978-79 Michigan state map in the township as a joke.

Jerusalem Township is also the home of Crane Creek State Park, the Cedar Point National Wildlife Refuge, and the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge.

[4] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.