[5] In March 2014 at the age of 16, Carter made her debut for Birmingham City in a match against Arsenal in the first leg of the 2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League quarter-final.

[2] Sports writer Jonathan Liew described it as a difficult patch in her early career, where she would be frequently late for training and miss fitness targets.

According to Liew, she was put on a personalised diet and received "a certain micromanagement" by Chelsea staff, in order to get back her career on track.

[11] Carter had her career breakthrough during the 2021–22 season,[13] forming the key part of the defensive back three with teammates Millie Bright and Magdalena Eriksson.

[22] In April, Carter played as a forward in the 2014 U-19 Championship qualification matches against Denmark and Finland, with England qualifying for the final tournament.

[28] In April 2019, she featured as part of the starting eleven in England's 2–1 victory over France, followed by being sent off for a second bookable offence in a loss to Norway.

[30] On 28 November 2017, she made her senior international debut in 2019 World Cup qualification against Kazakhstan, replacing Lucy Bronze in the 77th minute as England won 5–0.

[35] She started in five of six matches in the tournament, as an integral part of England's back three,[13] credited with ensuring the team only conceded three goals up until the final.

[42] Carter is the Co-Founder and an ambassador for an all-female football academy run by former Barcelona & Arsenal youth player, Judan Ali.