Jews Praying in the Synagogue on Yom Kippur was painted by Polish-Jewish artist Maurycy Gottlieb in 1878.

The adult men are wearing tallitot (ritual garments often referred to in English as prayer shawls) and kippot (head coverings).

There is a Torah scroll in the center of the composition, stained glass windows in the back, and candles on the top left.

On the extreme right is a young male figure, perhaps again Maurycy, reading from the prayer book alongside a man who might well be his father.

Living under this regime in a time of deep antisemitic discrimination and political instability may have had a major impact on Gottlieb's work.

He became ill and died shortly thereafter; some believe as a result of physical ailment, but others suspect it was death by suicide due to deep depression.