Jie (simplified Chinese: 羯语; traditional Chinese: 羯語; pinyin: Jiéyǔ[5]) is an unclassified extinct language formerly spoken in northeast China during the Later Zhao dynasty by the Jie people, who were formerly part of the Xiongnu confederation.
It was recorded in the Book of Jin as 秀支替戾岡,僕穀劬禿當 and said to have a connection to Shi Le's fight against Liu Yao in 328.
Shiratori (1900),[6] Ramstedt (1922),[7] Bazin (1948),[8] von Gabain (1950),[9] Shervashidze (1986),[10] and Shimunek (2015)[2]: 149 recognized Turkic lexicon, and gave their versions of the transcription and translation: Edwin G. Pulleyblank (1963) argued that the Turkic interpretations cannot be considered very successful because they conflict with the phonetic values of the Chinese text and with the Chinese translation.
[1]: 264 Alexander Vovin (2000) gave the following translation based on Yeniseian, corroborating Pulleyblank's findings.
[11] Vovin (2000) suggests a connection with the Southern Yeniseian branch, which has found support from other Yeniseianists.