[2] One effect of the formation of the short-lived Players' League in 1890 was that the American Association needed an eighth team—Kennedy was able to secure a franchise, for which he served as the team's manager.

[2] The Brooklyn Gladiators, despite the name, actually played home games at ballparks in Queens and northern Manhattan.

[3] The Gladiators did not finish the season, as they disbanded in late August and were replaced by the Baltimore Orioles.

[2] After his brief time with the Gladiators, Kennedy became involved in staging bicycle races and boxing matches.

[2] He died in April 1904 from a heart attack, likely related to his obesity, while en route from his home in Brooklyn to Manhattan via train.