Jiří Jedlička (born 5 February 1987) is a Czech former swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events.

Jedlicka was also a member of Plavecky Areal Swimming Club in Pardubice, under the tutelage of his personal coach Jaroslav Strnad.

He posted a sterling 1:01.46 to hack 0.04 seconds off the Czech record, set by Daniel Malek (1:01.50) in 2000, and sneak under the FINA A-cut (1:01.57) by about a tenth of a second for the seventh seed headed into the 100 m breaststroke final at the European Championships three months earlier in Eindhoven, Netherlands.

[3] In his first event, 100 m breaststroke, Jedlicka held off the hard-charging Spaniards Melquíades Álvarez and Borja Iradier to hit the wall in heat six with a fifth-place time and twenty-ninth overall in 1:01.56.

[4] Three days later, in the 200 m breaststroke, Jedlicka swam well through the 150-metre lap in heat three, but faded the closing stretch that allowed his Spanish rival Álvarez to pass him by 3.2 seconds, touching the fourth spot and thirty-ninth overall in 2:15.79.