Based on this known knowledge, his younger brother Ma Rong (馬融) places the date of composition to no later than 93 CE.

[4] The influence of The Nine Chapters greatly assisted the development of ancient mathematics in the regions of Korea and Japan.

Until recent years, there was no substantial evidence of related mathematical writing that might have preceded it, with the exception of mathematical work by those such as Jing Fang (78–37 BCE), Liu Xin (d. 23), and Zhang Heng (78–139) and the geometry clauses of the Mozi of the 4th century BCE.

The Suàn shù shū (算數書) or Writings on Reckonings is an ancient Chinese text on mathematics approximately seven thousand characters in length, written on 190 bamboo strips.

With only a slight variation, the Japanese historian of mathematics Yoshio Mikami shortened the title to Arithmetic in Nine Sections.

Several years later, George Sarton took note of the book, but only with limited attention and only mentioning the usage of red and black rods for positive and negative numbers.

In 1959, Joseph Needham and Wang Ling (historian) translated Jiu Zhang Suan shu as The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art for the first time.

Later in 1994, Lam Lay Yong used this title in her overview of the book, as did other mathematicians including John N. Crossley and Anthony W.-C Lun in their translation of Li Yan and Du Shiran's Chinese Mathematics: A Concise History (Li and Du 1987).

In order to cooperate with the algorithm of equations, the rules of addition and subtraction of positive and negative numbers are given.

In addition, due to the needs of civil architecture, The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art also discusses volumetric algorithms of linear and circular 3 dimensional solids.

The arrangement of these volumetric algorithms ranges from simple to complex, forming a unique mathematical system.

Gou Gu mutual seeking discusses the algorithm of finding the length of a side of the right triangle while knowing the other two.

It is the basis for solving higher-order equations in ancient China, and it also plays an important role in the development of mathematics.

at the advancement of modern mathematics due to its focus on practical problems and inductive proof methods as opposed to the deductive, axiomatic tradition that Euclid's Elements establishes.