Joan Violet Robinson FBA (née Maurice; 31 October 1903 – 5 August 1983) was a British economist known for her wide-ranging contributions to economic theory.

[3] She completed her studies in 1925 but due to Cambridge University's refusal to grant degrees to women until 1948, she did not formally graduate.

[2] The couple moved to India shortly after their marriage where Joan Robinson became interested in the relations between the British Raj and the Indian princely states and wrote a report on the subject.

This time in India was a formative experience on Robinson, shaping her future research interest in both the country and her studies of developing economies.

[4] Robinson crossed swords with the economist Marjorie Hollond, Girton's director of studies, over the teaching of economics.

"[9] She also stated in reference to the division of Korea that "[o]bviously, sooner or later the country must be reunited by absorbing the South into socialism.

[12] In 1933, her book The Economics of Imperfect Competition, Robinson coined the term "monopsony", which is used to describe the buyer converse of a seller monopoly.

Monopsony is commonly applied to buyers of labour, where the employer has wage setting power that allows it to exercise Pigouvian exploitation[13] and pay workers less than their marginal productivity.

[14] In 1942, Robinson's An Essay on Marxian Economics famously concentrated on Karl Marx as an economist, helping to revive the debate on this aspect of his legacy.

She promoted a more practical and historically informed approach that considers the social and institutional environment within which economic phenomena occur.

[16] Near the end of her life, she studied and concentrated on methodological problems in economics and tried to recover the original message of Keynes' General Theory.

Mao is seen as aiming to recapture a revolutionary sense in a population that had known only, or had grown used to, stable Communism, so that it could "re-educate the Party" (pp.

[17] Justice Brett Kavanaugh delivered the majority opinion, stating Apple can be sued by application developers, "on a monopsony theory.

[19] In 1949, she was invited by Ragnar Frisch to become the vice-president of the Econometric Society but declined by saying she that could not be part of the editorial committee of a journal that she could not read.

At least two students who studied under her have won the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel; they are Amartya Sen[20] and Joseph Stiglitz.