He apprenticed as a book printer in Ernst Henrich Berling's printing business and continued to work there after completing his training.
His customers included the publishing house Gyldendal and the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters.
One of Thiele's most notable works was the printing of Gyldendal's 1794 edition of LLudvig Holberg's monumental Peder Paars.
They had one son, Thomas Rudolph Thiele (1773-1841), before her early death after less than two and a half years of marriage in March 1774.
Just Mathias Thiele achieved a successful career at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts and is also remembered for his work as an arti historian and folklorist.