Johan Zoëga (7 October 1742 - 29 December 1788) was a Danish entomologist and botanist.
He studied botany at the University of Uppsala where he was a pupil of Carl Linnaeus.
For some years he helped Georg Christian Oeder as his assistant at the University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden.
When the position was revoked in 1770, he applied to the central administration and in 1771 became secretary of the Department of the College of Finance.
As a botanist, Zoëga wrote Flora Islandica (Soroe, 1772, Kopenhagen et Leipzig 1775)