He studied at the University of Halle as a student of Gottfried Bernhardy and Moritz Hermann Eduard Meier.
After a brief stint as an educator at the Grauen Kloster (1858), he relocated to St. Petersburg, where in 1869, he was appointed professor of Greek at the historical-philological institute.
[1] Nauck was one of the most distinguished textual critics of his day,[2] although, like PH Peerlkamp, he was fond of altering a text in accordance with what he thought the author must, or ought to, have written.
[3] Nauck was elected a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1885.
[4] The most important of his writings and translations, all of which deal with Greek language and literature (especially the tragedians) are as follows: