Johann Gottlieb Heineccius (September 11, 1681 – August 31, 1741) was a German jurist from Eisenberg, Thuringia.

He subsequently filled legal chairs at Franeker in the Netherlands and at Frankfurt, but finally returned to Halle in 1733 as professor of philosophy and jurisprudence.

He endeavoured to treat law as a rational science, and not merely as an empirical art whose rules had no deeper source than expediency.

Thus he continually refers to first principles, and he develops his legal doctrines as a system of philosophy.

were edited by his son Johann Christian Gottlieb Heineccius (1718–1791).