Johann Theodor Katerkamp (January 17, 1764 – June 9, 1834) was a German Catholic church historian born in Ochtrup.
Johann Theodor received his early education at the Progymnasium of the Franciscan Order in Rheine.
In 1787 Katerkamp received ordination, and for several years worked as a tutor for the sons of Baron Droste-Vischering in Münster.
Katerkamp specialized in the field of patristics, and was the author of a highly acclaimed Kirchengeschichte (Church History), which was published in five volumes from 1823 to 1834.
Other significant works by Katerkamp were Ueber den Primat des Apostels Petrus und seiner Nachfolger (On the Primacy of the Apostle Peter and his Successors), and memorabilia from the life of Princess Amalie Gallitzin called Denkwürdigkeiten aus dem Leben der Fürstin Amalia von Gallitzin, gebornen Gräfin von Schmetta.