John Fabian Carlson was born in Kolsebo in Västervik Municipality, Kalmar County, in Småland, Sweden.
There Carlson received instruction from Lucius Wolcott Hitchcock, a former pupil at the Académie Colarossi in Paris and the Art Students League of New York.
Carlson won a scholarship in 1903 or 1904 to study with Lovell Birge Harrison at the Byrdcliffe Colony in Woodstock, New York.
From this period on, he maintained an active exhibition schedule and submitted works in a variety of media, though with particular success in watercolor and oil.
[1] In 1911, he won his first important award at the Swedish-American Exhibition in Chicago and when he was elected to Associate membership of the National Academy of Design.