From 2002 until his confirmation as a federal judge in 2014, he served as an associate justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court.

[5] On April 11, 2014 Senate Majority Leader Reid filed a motion to invoke cloture on the nomination.

On April 29, 2014 the United States Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 63–34 vote.

[3] On May 3, 2024, Levy dismissed a lawsuit filed by Amber Lavigne against Great Salt Bay Community School in Damariscotta, Maine.

Lavigne contended that the school board and individual school officers had violated her “right to control and direct the care, custody, education, upbringing and healthcare decisions of her children,” by providing her then 13-year-old daughter with a chest binder and instructions on using it, and by referring to the child using a new name and pronouns, without consulting Lavigne.