José Joaquim Emerico Lobo de Mesquita (12 October 1746 – April 1805) was a Brazilian composer, music teacher, conductor and organist.
His parents José Lobo de Mesquita and Joaquina Emerenciana gave him a liberal education.
On 17 January 1789, he entered the religious order Ordem Terceira de Nossa Senhora do Carmo.
In 1798, he worked in Vila Rica (now Ouro Preto) for the city mayor, and was also organist and choirmaster at the church Nossa Senhora do Pilar.
He had a quarrel with the mayor and left for Rio de Janeiro, where he became organist of the Ordem Terceira do Carmo until his death, in April 1805.