[3] Having fought against the invading French army known as the Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis, he exiled to England,[2] returning to Spain after the death of Ferdinand VII,[2] the Felon King.

[1] A proponent of Iberism,[6] he argued again in favour of such prospect in 1858 in La Discusión, proposing a conception of the Iberian union based on a community of common interests, to be achieved extending the privileges of the Basque provinces to the rest of Spain, and then undergoing a progressive convergence with Portugal.

[1] Following the September Revolution Orense became the president of the Spanish Abolitionist Society after the exit of Salustiano de Olózaga from the organization.

[8] He also presided the meeting of the Democratic Party on 11 October 1868 at the Circo Price during which it was determined that the federal republic shall be the form of government of Spain, followed by the schism between the republicans and the accidentalist cimbrios [es].

[12] He went to Tours and organized the unit of Spanish volunteers (including his son) to help France following the Prussian invasion in 1870, rallying the banner of the Universal Republic and the Latin Federation.